The Manchester Mark I
Britain’s Manchester Mark I is the first computer that can store a program electronically rather than requiring programmers to set switches manually.
The EDSAC
The EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator), built at the University of Cambridge, is capable of translating alphabetic shorthand into the binary it needs to understand the problem posed.
Popular Mechanics – March 1949
Popular Mechanics predicts:”Computers in the future may weigh no more than 1.5 tons”.
DeMorgan Theorems
Augustus DeMorgan, in conjunction with Boole, formalized a set of logical operations now known as DeMorgan transformations.
The Whirlwind
Whirlwind – the biggest computer project of its time – becomes operational. Whirlwind is not only fast, but uses only 400 vacuum tubes (compared to the nearly 18,000 in ENIAC).
A UNIVAC tape drive
Tape drives start to replace punch cards.
The UNIVAC
UNIVAC is delivered to U.S Census Bureau three years late. It’s a hit, with revolutionary features such as mercury delay lines for memory and magnetic tape for input instead of punched paper.
A hard drive that used a drum.
Magnetic drums appear on the scene.
Jay Forrester
After spending four years in development, Jay Forrester and a team at the Massachusetts Institute Of Technology install magnetic core memory into the Whirlwind computer, giving it a twice-as-fast access time of six microseconds.
The IBM 650
IBM brings out the 650, the first mass-produced computer. It’s a great success, with 120 installations in first year.
The Burroughs B205
The Burroughs B205 uses vacuum tubes and a magnet drum main memory system. An arithmetic operation takes several milliseconds. The B205 was also the favorite control console in Batman, the original television series beginning in 1966.
IBM 305 Ramac
IBM introduces the 305 RAMAC (random access method for accounting and control), the first magnetic hard disk storage system. The RAMAC stores 5 megabytes (MB) of data, is the size of two large refrigerators, and costs $10,000 per MB. The device can store five million characters of data on 50 disks, each 24 inches in diameter. Each disk can hold the equivalent of 25,000 punch cards.
The Cray’s 1604
Control Data Corporation introduces Seymour Cray’s 1604. At $1.5 million, it’s half the cost of the IBM computer.
Jack Kilby
Jack Kilby completes first integrated circuit, containing five components on a single piece of silicon.
